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What is it?
A healthy menstrual cycle is defined as a cycle that lasts from 21 to 35 days, with bleeding for 3–7 days. Women with polymenorrhea have frequent menses, about 20 per year, compared to the 9–12 that characterize healthy menstruation. Frequent menstruation is usually classified as irregular menstruation or abnormal uterine bleeding. This is one of the most common menstrual cycle disorders requiring examination and treatment.
Symptoms of Polymenorrhea
Aside from frequent menstruation, there are no other symptoms specifically associated with polymenorrhea. However, it is important to note that short cycles indicate an imbalance in the body. Therefore, they may be accompanied by symptoms related to the underlying causes of the body's malfunction:
• Acne.
• Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding).
• Fatigue.
• Loss of libido.
• Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea).
• Hot flashes.
• Anxiety.
• Weight gain.
Causes
In most cases, frequent menstruation has the same underlying cause—hormonal imbalance, which can be directly or indirectly caused by an unhealthy lifestyle or certain diseases. The most common causes of frequent menstruation include:
• Luteal phase insufficiency (LPI).
• Chronic stress.
• Endometriosis.
• Premenopause.
• Thyroid diseases (thyroid dysfunction).
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs).
• Hypothalamic or pituitary disorders.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Excess or lack of body fat mass.
• Eating disorders.
• Uterine fibroids or cysts.
• Contraceptives.
Risks and Consequences
More frequent periods can have negative consequences for general and reproductive health, such as:
• Anemia. Frequent menstruation can lead to anemia due to excessive blood loss. When there are not enough red blood cells in the blood, oxygen transport is impaired, leading to fatigue, loss of energy, and other symptoms.
• Infertility. Women with a short cycle may find it difficult to determine their fertile window, as it may coincide with the days of bleeding. Others may face ovulation problems, including rare or complete absence of ovulation (anovulation), leading to infertility.
• Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage). A woman with polymenorrhea may also have a short luteal phase (the second part of the menstrual cycle after ovulation), which may not allow enough time for the implantation of a fertilized egg, potentially leading to a miscarriage.
Diagnosis
After reviewing your medical history, the doctor may perform a gynecological examination of the uterus, ovaries, cervix, and vagina. Your diagnostic evaluation will also include a menstrual cycle chart. This is done to find any irregularities and ensure that you do not have other symptoms. Doctors usually perform the following types of examinations to identify polymenorrhea:
• CT (Computed Tomography) – a radiographic examination.
• Endometrial biopsy – involves examining a small sample of tissue from the uterus.
• Ultrasound examination (US) – a scan using high-frequency sound waves.
• Sonohysterography (Saline Infusion Sonography, SIS) – a radiation-free method to look inside the uterus.
• Hysteroscopy – the process of scanning the uterus using a hysteroscope.
Treatment of Polymenorrhea
It is important to note that if possible root causes are ruled out, short cycles may be normal for those who have always had them and therefore do not require treatment. On the other hand, in the case of women whose short cycles are the result of unhealthy habits or unresolved health problems, treatment will mainly be aimed at addressing the underlying cause and correcting the hormonal imbalance.
Therapy may include the following points:
• Lifestyle correction:
o Balanced nutrition rich in products with phytoestrogens and iron, such as flaxseed, spinach, nuts, and lentils.
o Regular physical exercise of moderate intensity for 150 minutes per week.
o Stress reduction techniques, including deep breathing exercises, meditation, or yoga.
• Nutritional supplements, such as iron, to replenish deficiencies that may be the cause of frequent menstruation.
• Phytoestrogen supplements to improve hormonal balance, using plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like effects.
• Medications, such as birth control pills (oral contraceptives), to reduce menstrual flow and lengthen the cycle.
• Psychotherapy for people with eating disorders or anxiety that may cause cycle disturbances.
Undoubtedly, polymenorrhea can negatively affect the quality of life. Due to the increased risk of anemia, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss associated with short menstrual cycles, polymenorrhea must be diagnosed and treated immediately, combining healthy habits (balanced nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction techniques) with the consumption of plant supplements and the use of traditional medicine to control underlying conditions.
A healthy menstrual cycle is defined as a cycle that lasts from 21 to 35 days, with bleeding for 3–7 days. Women with polymenorrhea have frequent menses, about 20 per year, compared to the 9–12 that characterize healthy menstruation. Frequent menstruation is usually classified as irregular menstruation or abnormal uterine bleeding. This is one of the most common menstrual cycle disorders requiring examination and treatment.
Symptoms of Polymenorrhea
Aside from frequent menstruation, there are no other symptoms specifically associated with polymenorrhea. However, it is important to note that short cycles indicate an imbalance in the body. Therefore, they may be accompanied by symptoms related to the underlying causes of the body's malfunction:
• Acne.
• Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding).
• Fatigue.
• Loss of libido.
• Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea).
• Hot flashes.
• Anxiety.
• Weight gain.
Causes
In most cases, frequent menstruation has the same underlying cause—hormonal imbalance, which can be directly or indirectly caused by an unhealthy lifestyle or certain diseases. The most common causes of frequent menstruation include:
• Luteal phase insufficiency (LPI).
• Chronic stress.
• Endometriosis.
• Premenopause.
• Thyroid diseases (thyroid dysfunction).
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs).
• Hypothalamic or pituitary disorders.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Excess or lack of body fat mass.
• Eating disorders.
• Uterine fibroids or cysts.
• Contraceptives.
Risks and Consequences
More frequent periods can have negative consequences for general and reproductive health, such as:
• Anemia. Frequent menstruation can lead to anemia due to excessive blood loss. When there are not enough red blood cells in the blood, oxygen transport is impaired, leading to fatigue, loss of energy, and other symptoms.
• Infertility. Women with a short cycle may find it difficult to determine their fertile window, as it may coincide with the days of bleeding. Others may face ovulation problems, including rare or complete absence of ovulation (anovulation), leading to infertility.
• Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage). A woman with polymenorrhea may also have a short luteal phase (the second part of the menstrual cycle after ovulation), which may not allow enough time for the implantation of a fertilized egg, potentially leading to a miscarriage.
Diagnosis
After reviewing your medical history, the doctor may perform a gynecological examination of the uterus, ovaries, cervix, and vagina. Your diagnostic evaluation will also include a menstrual cycle chart. This is done to find any irregularities and ensure that you do not have other symptoms. Doctors usually perform the following types of examinations to identify polymenorrhea:
• CT (Computed Tomography) – a radiographic examination.
• Endometrial biopsy – involves examining a small sample of tissue from the uterus.
• Ultrasound examination (US) – a scan using high-frequency sound waves.
• Sonohysterography (Saline Infusion Sonography, SIS) – a radiation-free method to look inside the uterus.
• Hysteroscopy – the process of scanning the uterus using a hysteroscope.
Treatment of Polymenorrhea
It is important to note that if possible root causes are ruled out, short cycles may be normal for those who have always had them and therefore do not require treatment. On the other hand, in the case of women whose short cycles are the result of unhealthy habits or unresolved health problems, treatment will mainly be aimed at addressing the underlying cause and correcting the hormonal imbalance.
Therapy may include the following points:
• Lifestyle correction:
o Balanced nutrition rich in products with phytoestrogens and iron, such as flaxseed, spinach, nuts, and lentils.
o Regular physical exercise of moderate intensity for 150 minutes per week.
o Stress reduction techniques, including deep breathing exercises, meditation, or yoga.
• Nutritional supplements, such as iron, to replenish deficiencies that may be the cause of frequent menstruation.
• Phytoestrogen supplements to improve hormonal balance, using plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like effects.
• Medications, such as birth control pills (oral contraceptives), to reduce menstrual flow and lengthen the cycle.
• Psychotherapy for people with eating disorders or anxiety that may cause cycle disturbances.
Undoubtedly, polymenorrhea can negatively affect the quality of life. Due to the increased risk of anemia, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss associated with short menstrual cycles, polymenorrhea must be diagnosed and treated immediately, combining healthy habits (balanced nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction techniques) with the consumption of plant supplements and the use of traditional medicine to control underlying conditions.
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