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The term "scrotum" originates from Latin and literally means “pouch.” Inside are the testes — paired organs where spermatozoa and testosterone are produced. They are an essential part of the reproductive system, protected by a special skin-muscle structure designed by nature. Men often ignore edema and other changes in the genital organs, even pain. This leads to the development of pathologies and complications, when treatment becomes difficult or impossible. Therefore, it is important to undergo examination in the presence of any problems in this area, as well as periodically for preventive purposes.
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum, together with palpation and visual inspection, is a primary diagnostic method. It enables visualization of the contours, size, location, and structure of internal organs, as well as the condition of tissues and vessels. This makes it possible to establish or exclude the presence of pathologies.
Compact devices emitting ultrasound waves with a frequency of 5–10 MHz are used. A scanning depth of 10 cm is sufficient for organ evaluation, and dimensions are determined with an accuracy of up to 1 mm (even minimal deviations in size can be detected).
A separate technique for examining the scrotal vessels is ultrasound Doppler sonography. It allows visualization of all blood vessels, as well as the direction and velocity of blood flow. This is an excellent method for diagnosing vascular diseases, making it possible to accurately establish their cause. Vascular narrowing, plaques, and thrombi can be examined in detail. The method is widely used for diagnosing varicocele.
Advantages of Ultrasound Diagnostics
Ultrasound examination is a safe, rapid, and highly accurate diagnostic method widely applied in clinics worldwide. It enables monitoring of male reproductive health and early detection of pathologies. Men are recommended to undergo the examination annually for preventive purposes.
The main advantages of the method include:
Painlessness and non-invasiveness: no surgical intervention is required.
Safety: ultrasound waves within the applied range do not harm organs or cells.
No need for erection stimulation or injection of contrast agents.
Rapidity: results can be obtained within 20 minutes.
Real-time imaging, which is ideally suited for surgical interventions and biopsies.
No age restrictions or contraindications: the procedure is prescribed even for young children and elderly patients.
Wide availability and low cost.
The only limitation of ultrasound is the inability to differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms. Additional diagnostic methods are required for this purpose.
Indications for Scrotal Ultrasound
Any external changes in the organ or the occurrence of discomfort are indications for scrotal ultrasound.
The following symptoms may suggest the need for examination:
Pain in the testes due to trauma or inflammation.
Detection of solid masses, which may indicate tumors or cysts.
Mechanical injuries of the scrotum: contusions, abrasions, lacerations.
Palpable mass detected by the patient.
Varicocele.
Enlargement or reduction in testicular size.
Monorchism (congenital absence of one testis).
Cryptorchism (undescended testes, which may be located in the inguinal canal or abdominal cavity).
Delayed or precocious puberty.
Abnormal spermogram findings.
Hematospermia (presence of blood in semen).
Manifestations of erectile dysfunction.
Pathologies Diagnosed by Scrotal Ultrasound
Scrotal ultrasound is performed in men to detect pathologies of the testes, epididymis, and blood vessels.
This type of examination clearly visualizes the following pathological conditions:
Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis).
Testicular torsion: a dangerous condition in which twisting of the spermatic cord disrupts testicular blood supply. Most often occurs in adolescents aged 10–16 years.
Cysts: one of the most common scrotal pathologies.
Tumors: according to the journal Oncourology, about 75,000 new cases of testicular cancer are registered worldwide annually. Men aged 45–50 are at highest risk.
Hydrocele (testicular hydrops): accumulation of excess serous fluid around the testes.
Hematocele: accumulation of blood in the cavity between the testicular membranes. Causes may include unsuccessful puncture, trauma (rupture, torsion), increased bleeding tendency, or spontaneous hemorrhage.
Lymphedema: excessive accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the tissues.
Ultrasound allows assessment of the structure, shape, size, and function of the scrotal organs, as well as vascular performance.
Preparation for Scrotal Ultrasound
Unlike other types of ultrasound examinations, no special preparation (such as diet or bladder filling) is required.
Simple genital hygiene is sufficient. Shaving pubic hair is optional but may facilitate removal of residual gel.
Refrain from smoking for 1–2 hours before the examination, as nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which can affect results.
Bring previous test results and medical records to the examination.
For children, parents should provide psychological preparation. If the child is frightened or anxious, the testes may retract into the inguinal canal, complicating diagnosis.
Procedure of Scrotal Ultrasound
The examination usually takes 15–20 minutes. If pathological changes are suspected, the procedure may last up to 30 minutes. The diagnostic process is completely painless.
The patient enters the office, undresses, and provides a detailed medical history.
A disposable sheet is placed on the examination couch, and the patient lies on his back.
In a supine position, the penis is fixed without pressure and gently positioned on the abdomen.
The physician applies room-temperature gel to the transducer and begins the scan.
The parameters of the testes and epididymis (structure, size, wall thickness) are assessed, and any abnormalities are recorded.
After the procedure, the patient receives a report with detailed comments and recommendations for further actions.
Interpretation of Results
Upon completion, the patient is given a protocol documenting the scrotal examination in three planes: longitudinal, transverse, and oblique.
These results must be presented to the attending physician for interpretation, diagnosis, and treatment planning.
Normal Ultrasound Findings
The ultrasound report typically includes:
Parameters (shape, size) of the testes and epididymis.
Normal testicular dimensions: length up to 5 cm, width up to 3 cm, thickness up to 2 cm.
Fluid accumulation between the scrotal and testicular membranes (normally 1–2 ml).
Wall thickness (up to 8 mm).
Normally, the testes are oval-shaped, and their sizes may differ slightly. The right testis is usually positioned slightly higher than the left. Organ contours should be clear. Echogenicity (ability to reflect ultrasound waves) is medium.
Advantages of Ultrasound at Expert Clinics
At Expert Clinics, you can undergo ultrasound examination of the male genital organs.
Diagnosis and treatment at our clinic offer numerous advantages:
Physicians at Expert Clinics are internationally trained specialists who continuously improve their qualifications both in Russia and abroad. They possess knowledge in preventive and anti-aging medicine, enabling them to detect and effectively treat the root causes of various disorders.
The most advanced and high-precision ultrasound equipment. In combination with the physicians’ expertise, this ensures the highest diagnostic accuracy.
Comfortable conditions and an exclusively individualized approach to each patient.
Comprehensive care, including all stages: physician consultation, laboratory tests, and full treatment of the diagnosed condition.
Reasonable and transparent pricing for medical services.
Convenient location in the center of Moscow.
You can schedule a scrotal ultrasound by phone or through our website. Leave your contact information, and our operator will reach out to confirm the details.
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum, together with palpation and visual inspection, is a primary diagnostic method. It enables visualization of the contours, size, location, and structure of internal organs, as well as the condition of tissues and vessels. This makes it possible to establish or exclude the presence of pathologies.
Compact devices emitting ultrasound waves with a frequency of 5–10 MHz are used. A scanning depth of 10 cm is sufficient for organ evaluation, and dimensions are determined with an accuracy of up to 1 mm (even minimal deviations in size can be detected).
A separate technique for examining the scrotal vessels is ultrasound Doppler sonography. It allows visualization of all blood vessels, as well as the direction and velocity of blood flow. This is an excellent method for diagnosing vascular diseases, making it possible to accurately establish their cause. Vascular narrowing, plaques, and thrombi can be examined in detail. The method is widely used for diagnosing varicocele.
Advantages of Ultrasound Diagnostics
Ultrasound examination is a safe, rapid, and highly accurate diagnostic method widely applied in clinics worldwide. It enables monitoring of male reproductive health and early detection of pathologies. Men are recommended to undergo the examination annually for preventive purposes.
The main advantages of the method include:
Painlessness and non-invasiveness: no surgical intervention is required.
Safety: ultrasound waves within the applied range do not harm organs or cells.
No need for erection stimulation or injection of contrast agents.
Rapidity: results can be obtained within 20 minutes.
Real-time imaging, which is ideally suited for surgical interventions and biopsies.
No age restrictions or contraindications: the procedure is prescribed even for young children and elderly patients.
Wide availability and low cost.
The only limitation of ultrasound is the inability to differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms. Additional diagnostic methods are required for this purpose.
Indications for Scrotal Ultrasound
Any external changes in the organ or the occurrence of discomfort are indications for scrotal ultrasound.
The following symptoms may suggest the need for examination:
Pain in the testes due to trauma or inflammation.
Detection of solid masses, which may indicate tumors or cysts.
Mechanical injuries of the scrotum: contusions, abrasions, lacerations.
Palpable mass detected by the patient.
Varicocele.
Enlargement or reduction in testicular size.
Monorchism (congenital absence of one testis).
Cryptorchism (undescended testes, which may be located in the inguinal canal or abdominal cavity).
Delayed or precocious puberty.
Abnormal spermogram findings.
Hematospermia (presence of blood in semen).
Manifestations of erectile dysfunction.
Pathologies Diagnosed by Scrotal Ultrasound
Scrotal ultrasound is performed in men to detect pathologies of the testes, epididymis, and blood vessels.
This type of examination clearly visualizes the following pathological conditions:
Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis).
Testicular torsion: a dangerous condition in which twisting of the spermatic cord disrupts testicular blood supply. Most often occurs in adolescents aged 10–16 years.
Cysts: one of the most common scrotal pathologies.
Tumors: according to the journal Oncourology, about 75,000 new cases of testicular cancer are registered worldwide annually. Men aged 45–50 are at highest risk.
Hydrocele (testicular hydrops): accumulation of excess serous fluid around the testes.
Hematocele: accumulation of blood in the cavity between the testicular membranes. Causes may include unsuccessful puncture, trauma (rupture, torsion), increased bleeding tendency, or spontaneous hemorrhage.
Lymphedema: excessive accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the tissues.
Ultrasound allows assessment of the structure, shape, size, and function of the scrotal organs, as well as vascular performance.
Preparation for Scrotal Ultrasound
Unlike other types of ultrasound examinations, no special preparation (such as diet or bladder filling) is required.
Simple genital hygiene is sufficient. Shaving pubic hair is optional but may facilitate removal of residual gel.
Refrain from smoking for 1–2 hours before the examination, as nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which can affect results.
Bring previous test results and medical records to the examination.
For children, parents should provide psychological preparation. If the child is frightened or anxious, the testes may retract into the inguinal canal, complicating diagnosis.
Procedure of Scrotal Ultrasound
The examination usually takes 15–20 minutes. If pathological changes are suspected, the procedure may last up to 30 minutes. The diagnostic process is completely painless.
The patient enters the office, undresses, and provides a detailed medical history.
A disposable sheet is placed on the examination couch, and the patient lies on his back.
In a supine position, the penis is fixed without pressure and gently positioned on the abdomen.
The physician applies room-temperature gel to the transducer and begins the scan.
The parameters of the testes and epididymis (structure, size, wall thickness) are assessed, and any abnormalities are recorded.
After the procedure, the patient receives a report with detailed comments and recommendations for further actions.
Interpretation of Results
Upon completion, the patient is given a protocol documenting the scrotal examination in three planes: longitudinal, transverse, and oblique.
These results must be presented to the attending physician for interpretation, diagnosis, and treatment planning.
Normal Ultrasound Findings
The ultrasound report typically includes:
Parameters (shape, size) of the testes and epididymis.
Normal testicular dimensions: length up to 5 cm, width up to 3 cm, thickness up to 2 cm.
Fluid accumulation between the scrotal and testicular membranes (normally 1–2 ml).
Wall thickness (up to 8 mm).
Normally, the testes are oval-shaped, and their sizes may differ slightly. The right testis is usually positioned slightly higher than the left. Organ contours should be clear. Echogenicity (ability to reflect ultrasound waves) is medium.
Advantages of Ultrasound at Expert Clinics
At Expert Clinics, you can undergo ultrasound examination of the male genital organs.
Diagnosis and treatment at our clinic offer numerous advantages:
Physicians at Expert Clinics are internationally trained specialists who continuously improve their qualifications both in Russia and abroad. They possess knowledge in preventive and anti-aging medicine, enabling them to detect and effectively treat the root causes of various disorders.
The most advanced and high-precision ultrasound equipment. In combination with the physicians’ expertise, this ensures the highest diagnostic accuracy.
Comfortable conditions and an exclusively individualized approach to each patient.
Comprehensive care, including all stages: physician consultation, laboratory tests, and full treatment of the diagnosed condition.
Reasonable and transparent pricing for medical services.
Convenient location in the center of Moscow.
You can schedule a scrotal ultrasound by phone or through our website. Leave your contact information, and our operator will reach out to confirm the details.
+7 (495) 154-21-44 
admin@expertclinics.ru 
Moscow, Starovolynskaya st., 12 bld. 1